What is the primary role of a router in an Ethernet network?

The primary role of a router in an Ethernet network is to connect different networks and regulate traffic. Routers function as intermediaries that facilitate communication between distinct network segments, allowing data to flow from one network to another. They determine the most efficient paths for data transmission and manage the routing of packets based on their destination IP addresses. This capability is essential for enabling devices on different networks to communicate with each other, ensuring that data packets reach their intended endpoints even if those endpoints are on entirely separate subnets or networks.

In addition to connecting networks, routers can implement various policies for traffic management, such as Quality of Service (QoS), security measures, and data packet inspection, further enhancing the functionality and efficiency of a network. This is critical in maintaining efficient network performance, especially in complex environments with multiple devices and connections.